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Page 45 Table 30. Residential Off-site Energy Production GHG Emission Factor1 Annual Household Energy Consumption2 Annual Emissions (metric tons CO2eq) lbs. CO2/MWh metric tons CO2eq/MWh Electricity Natural Gas Electricity Natural Gas CO2 936.5 0.4248 11.1953 MWh 25.3799 MWh 4.7556 10.7811 CH4 0.1020 0.0013 0.0145 0.9206 N2O 0.0150 0.0018 0.0202 12.1266 Total Annual Emissions (536 Units) 2,567.60 12771.97 Total Lifecycle Estimate3 (metric tons CO2eq) 128,380.00 638,596.50 1 The annual household site fuel consumption in the Midwest was reported in million British thermal units (Btu) per household. The consumption rates reported were converted to megawatt-hour (MWh). 2 Based on rates for single-family detached homes. 3 Based on a 50-year expected lifecycle. The future tenant of the commercial parcel is not known at this time. For the purposes of this review the commercial is expected to be a strip mall and a gas station. To estimate the Scope 2 emissions of the planned commercial buildings, factors from the U.S. Energy Information Administration 2018 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) were used (53). The survey found that together, electricity and natural gas accounted for 94% of energy consumed in commercial buildings in 2018. The difference in average electricity and natural gas intensities varied across building types. The planned gas station best fits into the ‘convenience store (with or without a gas station)’ subcategory of the survey’s ‘food sale buildings.’ The electric intensity for food sales buildings was 53.3 kilowatt hours per square foot (53). The gas station was estimated to be 5,000 square feet. The planned future strip mall best fits into the ‘retail’ subcategory of the ‘mercantile’ commercial buildings based on the 2018 survey. The future mercantile building was estimated to be 20,000 square feet. “Energy intensity in mercantile buildings averaged 88.4 thousand British thermal units (MBtu) per square foot, strip shopping centers specifically consumed 111.0 MBtu per square foot” (53). The estimated annual and lifecycle emissions are summarized in Table 31.