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A recent paper published by the California Energy Commission'
<br /> analyzes the plug-in electric vehicle charging infrastructure needed
<br /> to achieve California's goal of 1.5 million zero-emission vehicles
<br /> (approximately 5% of vehicles) by 2025. The report estimates that
<br /> in California, electric vehicles could add more than 1 GW of peak
<br /> demand by 2025. Even though California has more than five times
<br /> the number of vehicles on the road compared to Minnesota, the
<br /> paper still demonstrates the significant increase in energy
<br /> requirements that could occur once electric vehicles penetrate a
<br /> market.
<br /> MMPA recognizes the potential increase in energy requirements
<br /> over the long term from electric and hybrid vehicles. However, this
<br /> IRP assumes no increase in MMPA's electric load from electric
<br /> vehicles, since in Minnesota and MMPA communities, this
<br /> technology currently has a low penetration and its future penetration
<br /> is unknown.
<br /> MMPA Energy The table below shows MMPA's base energy projections as well as
<br /> Projections energy requirements with and without new conservation.
<br /> Plus Olivia Plus East Energy Energy
<br /> Year Base Ener WAPA Grand Forks Requirements Plus 1.3% Requirements
<br /> Adjustment WAPA without New Conservation with New
<br /> Adjustment Conservation Conservation
<br /> 2019 2,060,055 (22,307) (73,051) 1,964,697 (39,245) 1,925,452
<br /> 2020 2,105,762 (22,381) (73,304) 2,010,077 (59,553) 1,950,524
<br /> 2021 2,140,052 (22,307) (73,051) 2,044,694 (81,606) 1,963,088
<br /> 2022 2,180,669 (22,307) (73,051) 2,085,311 (105,533) 1,979,777
<br /> 2023 2,221,401 (22,307) (73,051) 2,126,043 (130,836) 1,995,207
<br /> 2024 2,268,293 (22,381) (73,304) 2,172,608 (156,374) 2,016,234
<br /> 2025 2,303,249 (22,307) (73,051) 2,207,891 (182,106) 2,025,785
<br /> 2026 2,344,346 (22,307) (73,051) 2,248,988 (208,067) 2,040,921
<br /> 2027 2,385,222 (22,307) (73,051) 2,289,864 (234,229) 2,055,635
<br /> 2028 2,432,844 (22,381) (73,304) 2,337,159 (260,588) 2,076,571
<br /> 2029 2,467,272 (22,307) (73,051) 2,371,914 (287,118) 2,084,796
<br /> 2030 2,508,287 (22,307) (73,051) 2,412,929 (313,869) 2,099,060
<br /> 2031 2,548,832 (22,307) (73,051) 2,453,474 (340,809) 2,112,665
<br /> 2032 2,596,684 (22,381) (73,304) 2,500,999 (367,937) 2,133,062
<br /> 2033 2,630,808 (22,307) (73,051) 2,535,450 (395,222) 2,140,227
<br /> Growth Rate(2019-2033) 1.8% 0.8%
<br /> ' California Energy Commission, California Plug-In Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Projections
<br /> 2017-2025,March 2018,CEC-600-2018-001.
<br /> 2 U.S.Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration,State Motor Vehicle Registrations-
<br /> 2016, November 2017,https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics/2016/mv1.cfm.
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