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There are studies underway by the Minnesota DNR and University of Minnesota that show <br />good potential for bio -control of garlic mustard via an exotic weevil <br />(http://www.legacy.leg.mn/projects/biological-control-european-buckthorn-and-garlic- <br />mustard). The testing phase is complete, but the approval process still needs to be <br />performed. If approved, this method could revolutionize garlic mustard control. However, <br />whether it will be effective or not on a landscape scale is yet to be determined. <br />GRASSES <br />Smooth brome <br />Smooth brome is a cool season grass —active early in the grov <br />Minnesota (April -May -June) and then going semi -dormant in J <br />reproduces by means of underground stems (stolons and rhiz4 <br />most effective treatment is timed to occur at the same tim <br />to late May in southern Minnesota. Burning two years i o <br />followed by seeding has been shown to be effective i ntrollj' <br />that this timing may be a week or two earlier on s uth-f <br />or sand -gravel soils. Following this method will usual] <br />brome. Seeding following burns, preferably with native s <br />from a seller that provides local ecotypes portant for r <br />Evaluation can occur each year, and espe <br />perhaps try a cool -season overspray of a <br />(April) or in the fall (October). Using glyl <br />application is a last resort, since <br />Kentucky bluegrass and <br />smooth brome, they a�j <br />the most effective tool <br />Reed canary, <br />on in southern <br />ber. It <br />s) ca ' 'llers". The <br />.'brome i ering"—mid <br />ite-season n June) <br />smooth in <br />. Consider <br />i g slopes or in very sandy <br />ent to control smooth <br />acted on-site, or purchased <br />ecover at the site. <br />sisnot working, <br />either in the spring <br />overspray herbicide <br />d similarly to smooth brome, since like <br />cool -season grasses. Spring burns are <br />This spe ' is extreme cult to eradicate and requires repeated treatment over a <br />period o three yea A combination of burning, chemical treatment and mowing <br />can be use-cessible as, or chemical treatment alone in inaccessible areas. The <br />combination d star by burning in late spring to remove dead vegetation and to <br />stimulate new gr hen new sprouts have reached a height of 4 to 6 inches, the site <br />can be sprayed with '%solution of a glyphosate herbicide appropriate for wetland <br />habitat (e.g. Rodeo)The site is then mowed in late summer, followed by chemical <br />application after re -growth. This treatment will stimulate new growth and germination to <br />deplete the seed bank. The sequence of chemical treatment and mowing are repeated for at <br />least a second season, and possibly a third until the grass is completely eradicated. Then <br />native grass and forb seed can be broadcast or drilled. <br />If reed canary grass is eradicated from an area, future management of the grassland, <br />namely burning, will likely keep the reed canary in check. Monitoring and mapping new <br />Friends of the Mississippi <br />92 <br />W H. Houlton Conservation Area NRMP <br />