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• Land use regulation. Any litigation relating to the city's regulation of the <br /> use of land or real property or the application or interpretation of a land <br /> use, zoning, subdivision, or similar ordinance or regulation. <br /> • Development. Any litigation relating to the city's participation in or <br /> financing of any housing, development, or redevelopment project. <br /> • Franchising. Any litigation relating to the granting,refusal, interpretation, <br /> or enforcement of any franchise, ordinance,permit, license, or other <br /> mechanism through which the city authorizes or regulates parties other <br /> than the city, with regard to the provision of telecommunications, <br /> electricity, gas,heat, sewage treatment or refuse collection within the city. <br /> • Enterprise operations. Any litigation relating to a city's authority to <br /> engage in enterprise operations. "Enterprise operation"means any <br /> arrangement under which the city offers goods or services for a fee, such <br /> as utilities, telecommunications services, or similar things. <br /> • City debt obligations. Any litigation relating to bonds,notes, financing <br /> certificates, lease-purchase agreements, or other similar debt instruments <br /> or financial obligations proposed, guaranteed, approved, issued, or entered <br /> into by the city. <br /> Under the land use and special risk litigation coverage, the following types of <br /> litigation are excluded. <br /> • Physical takings. Litigation that seeks only compensation or other relief <br /> for an actual or alleged physical occupation, invasion, or use of property <br /> by the city. <br /> • Special assessments. Litigation that seeks only reduction or invalidation of <br /> a special assessment. <br /> • Negligent inspection. Litigation that seeks only compensation for damages <br /> based on the city's actual or alleged negligent inspection or enforcement <br /> of the state building code or the state plumbing, electrical, fire, or similar <br /> state codes. <br /> • Contractual obligations. Litigation that seeks only amounts owed pursuant <br /> to the explicit terms of any contractual obligation, including but not <br /> limited to any city debt obligations. <br /> • Ordinary land use enforcement. Litigation which was initiated by the city <br /> to enforce a land use regulation, and which does not involve a challenge to <br /> the constitutionality or interpretation of the regulation. <br /> • Criminal prosecution. Criminal prosecutions by the city. <br /> • Other covered parties. Litigation brought by LMCIT or the city against <br /> any other covered party. <br /> • City bankruptcy. Litigation that arises from or is related to the actual, <br /> pending, or threatened bankruptcy of the city. <br /> • Pollution. Litigation that makes only a pollution claim. <br /> The land use and special risk litigation coverage applies to the following types <br /> of litigation costs. <br /> 79 <br />