Laserfiche WebLink
E-cigarettes: an evidence update <br /> <br />111 <br />Experienced vapers, using their own devices, however obtain much better nicotine <br />substitution. Etter and Bullen (2011) measured salivary cotinine concentrations in 30 <br />vapers who had been using EC for approximately 3 months on average and no longer <br />smoking[9]. The mean nicotine content of e-liquid was 18mg/ml. Mean salivary cotinine <br />was found to be 322 ng/ml indicating a high level of nicotine replacement via EC. <br /> <br />Similarly Etter (2014) found mean cotinine levels of 374 ng/ml (95% CI: 318-429) in 62 <br />vapers who had not used any other nicotine containing products in the last 5 days [8]. <br /> <br />Hecht et al., 2014 measured nicotine and cotinine in urine of 28 EC users (median use <br />of 9 months, using tank system EC with e-liquid containing, on average 12.5 ± 7.0 <br />mg/ml)[111]. Nicotine and cotinine levels in urine were 869 ng/ml (95% CI: 604-1250) <br />and 1880 ng/ml (95% CI: 1420-2480) respectively, although these levels are lower than <br />what are typically observed in smokers (eg nicotine 1380 ng/ml 95% CI: 1190 -1600 and <br />cotinine 3930 ng/ml; 95% CI: 3500-4400).