10.2. SR 09-08-2015 - Laserfiche WebLink

Home Browse Search

E-cigarettes: an evidence update 110 Oncken et al., (2015) also examined nicotine delivery in a tank system EC (Joye eGo-C with 18 mg/ml nicotine e-liquid) in 20 smokers who were asked to use an EC for two weeks[123]. Participants were asked to use the EC for 5 minutes ad lib in two laboratory sessions where blood samples were taken for PK analysis. Blood nicotine concentrations increased, significantly, by 4 ng/ml (Cmax 8.2 ng/ml) at the first session and 5.1 ng/ml (Cmax 9.3 ng/ml) at the second session. These levels were reached at five minutes. Studies that examine cotinine as a measure of nicotine replacement in vapers We found eight studies that reported on cotinine in urine, blood or saliva as a marker of nicotine exposure in people using EC. In an RCT of nicotine containing EC versus placebo Caponnetto and colleagues (2013) measured salivary cotinine in participants who had stopped smoking cigarettes, but were still vaping EC (Categoria 7.5mg/ml)[40]. After 12 weeks of use the mean salivary cotinine concentration was 67.8 ng/ml, which is at the lower end of what is typically observed in smokers (eg 66.9-283.7 ng/ml). In a study that randomised 48 smokers unwilling to quit to one of two tank system EC (18mg/ml nicotine) or to continue to smoke found that at 8 month follow-up mean salivary cotinine did not significantly differ between those who had stopped smoking but were vaping (428.27 ng/ml), achieved a ≥50% reduction in cigarette consumption (356.49 ng/ml) and those who continued to smoke (545.23 ng/ml, SD = 46.32)[41]. Van Staden et al., (2013) examined the change in serum cotinine in 13 smokers who were asked to stop smoking and instead use a Twisp eGo (18mg/ml nicotine) tank system EC for two weeks[113]. There was a significant decrease in cotinine from baseline 287.25 ± 136.05 to two weeks 97.01 ± 80.91 ng/ml suggesting that the EC used did not provide as much nicotine as participants usual cigarettes. Norton et al., (2014) observed a similar result in 16 abstinent smokers who used a cigalike EC (11 mg/ml) for five days, finding a significant decrease in saliva cotinine between baseline (338.0 ng/ml) and day five (178.4 ng/ml)[112]. Flouris et al., (2013) measured serum cotinine in 15 smokers, who had abstained overnight, after smoking two of their usual cigarettes over 30 minutes and after 30 minutes of vaping a cigalike EC (Giant, 11mg/ml)[130]. EC and cigarettes produced similar effects on serum cotinine levels (60.6 ± 34.3 versus 61.3 ± 36.6 ng/ml). However measurement of cotinine would not give an accurate indicator of exposure in an acute study such as this.