10.2. SR 09-08-2015 - Laserfiche WebLink

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E-cigarettes: an evidence update 107 Appendix C: Narrative summary of studies on nicotine delivery from e-cigarettes Early studies Two studies, both published in 2010, examined nicotine delivery from cigalike EC. Bullen et al., 2010 used a cross-over design to compare nicotine delivery of a 16mg/ml Ruyan V8 EC with a 0mg/ml EC, a nicotine inhalator (10mg) and a conventional cigarette among 8 smokers who abstained from smoking overnight [43]. Participants puffed on their cigarettes and EC ad libitum over 5 minutes, and on the inhalator over 20 minutes. The nicotine containing EC had similar pharmacokinetic parameters to the inhalator (Cmax: 1.3 vs. 2.1 ng/ml; Tmax: 19.6 vs. 32.0 mins), and both were out- performed by a conventional cigarette (Cmax 13.4 ng/ml; Tmax 14.3 mins). Vansickel et al., 2010 also used a cross-over design and tested nicotine delivery of two EC (NJOY EC (18mg) and Crown 7 EC (16mg) and participants own brand cigarette[118]. Participants abstained overnight and then took 10 puffs on the EC with a 30 sec inter-puff interval. Only the conventional cigarette produced a significant rise in plasma nicotine, from baseline 2.1 ng/ml (SD 0.32) to a peak at 5 minutes 18.8 ng/ml (SD 11.8). The poor nicotine delivery of these EC was likely to be due to several factors. The EC tested were some of the first to market. The EC used in the Bullen 2010 study were noted to leak and the vaporising component did not always function. Both of these early studies recruited EC naïve smokers, without opportunity to practice using the EC prior to experimentation. There are other factors that are associated with nicotine delivery, which we have summarised below. 1) More intensive vaping regimens Vansickel et al., examined nicotine delivery associated with the use of Vapor King (cigalike EC with 18mg/ml nicotine) in 20 smokers naïve to EC [119]. After overnight abstinence, participants used the EC for 5 minutes on a total of six occasions (10 puffs, 30 sec inter-puff interval) 30 minutes apart. A significant increase in plasma nicotine was observed after the fourth bout of puffing, and mean blood nicotine levels had increased from 2.2 ng/ml (SD 0.78) at baseline to 7.4 ng/ml (SD 5.1) at the end of the last bout of puffing. 2) Experience with EC Vansickel & Eissenberg (2012) report nicotine pharmacokinetics in eight vapers who had been using EC for average of 11.5 (SD 5.2) months [7]. They used their own EC and e-liquid (the majority used an e-liquid with a concentration of 18 mg/ml).