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Identification of Water Supply Alternatives for Elk River <br />Table of Contents <br />1.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 1 <br />1.1 Scope and Purpose ...................................................................................................................... 1 <br />1.2 Report Organization .................................................................................................................... 1 <br />1.3 Other Relevant Studies and Initiatives ...................................................................................... ..2 <br />1.4 Regional Water Demand and Use ............................................................................................. ..2 <br />2.0 Groundwater Supplies ........................................................................................................................... ..4 <br />2.1 Regional Geologic Setting ........................................................................................................ ..4 <br />2.2 Geologic Conditions in the Elk River Area ................................................................................ 7 <br />2.3 Regional Aquifer Systems ........................................................................................................ 10 <br />2.4 Regional Groundwater Contamination and Water Quality ....................................................... 15 <br />2.5 Available Aquifers in the Elk River Area ................................................................................. 16 <br />2.6 Regional Groundwater Use ....................................................................................................... 19 <br />2.7 Groundwater Use in the Elk River Area ................................................................................... 20 <br />3.0 Surface-Water Supplies ........................................................................................................................ 25 <br />3.1 Regional Surface Water Supplies ............................................................................................. 25 <br />3.2 Regional Surface-Water Reliability .......................................................................................... 25 <br /> 3.2.1 Water Treatment and Contamination ........................................................................... 26 <br /> 3.2.2 Low-Flows and Drought .............................................................................................. 26 <br />4.0 Summary of Alternative Water Supply Options ................................................................................... 28 <br />4.1 Continued Use of Mt. Simon-Hinckley Wells .......................................................................... 28 <br /> 4.1.1 Description ................................................................................................................... 28 <br /> 4.1.2 Technical Feasibility and Reliability ........................................................................... 28 <br /> 4.1.3 Cost .............................................................................................................................. 28 <br /> 4.1.4 Challenges and Other Considerations .......................................................................... 28 <br />4.2 New Wells in the Surficial (Unconsolidated) Aquifer .............................................................. 29 <br /> 4.2.1 Description ................................................................................................................... 29 <br /> 4.2.2 Technical Feasibility and Reliability ........................................................................... 29 <br /> 4.2.3 Cost .............................................................................................................................. 29 <br /> 4.2.4 Challenges and Other Considerations .......................................................................... 29 <br />4.3 Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) ...................................................................................... 30 <br /> 4.3.1 Description ................................................................................................................... 30 <br /> 4.3.2 Technical Feasibility and Reliability ........................................................................... 3U <br /> 4.3.3 Cost .............................................................................................................................. 30 <br /> 4.3.4 Challenges and Other Considerations .......................................................................... 30 <br />4.4 Artificial Recharge by Infiltration Basins ................................................................................. 31 <br />P:\Mpls\23 MN\71\2371 l05 Water Supply Alternative Study\FinalDeliverables\Alternatives_Report_final.doc i <br />