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.Resource Management Recommendations <br />The resource management activities listed below are designed to maintain and/or improve the <br />composition, function and structure of the forest at the site. These are listed by activity type with <br />descriptions provided for individual activities. A table is included at the end of this section Summarizing <br />by-activity costs and priority level of these activities. <br />Fortunately for the City, the forest found here is in good to very good condition in most areas, with only <br />minor needs for active management. <br />Management Goals <br />^ Management of the oak forest to maintain composition, structure, and function of <br />the community type <br />^ Maintain oak dominance within community by using resource management <br />activities that foster recruitment of new oak saplings into the canopy <br />^ As development occurs in the area surrounding the forest, establish buffers for <br />the forest <br />^ Maintain trails that enable resource management and provide opportunities for <br />activities such as walking, jogging, and cross-country skiing <br />^ Provide recreational and educational opportunities that are compatible with <br />sustaining natural community function and integrity <br />Recommended Management Activities <br />Nonnative/Invasive Woody Species Control <br />Early restoration of the site should involve removal of select species of nonnative <br />shrubs and perhaps weedier trees, followed by the reintroduction of appropriate species <br />of woodland grasses and forbs, and the application of prescribed fire. <br />Nonnative shrubs, and weedier trees determined to interfere with the normal function of <br />the healthy hardwood members of the canopy should be controlled. This is especially <br />true for European buckthorn and Tartarian honeysuckle, which should be controlled to <br />the greatest extent possible. In areas where nonnatives occur in thick patches, cutting <br />the smallest shrubs and trees first allows for easier handling of larger trees as they are <br />removed later. If the shrubs/trees are found in very thick patches, this material should <br />be piled and burned as described below. The control of problem trees and shrubs <br />should be accomplished before any burning is conducted. <br />It is important to treat tree and shrub stumps within 1 hour of cutting with a 25-50% <br />solution of a glyphosate or picloram (Roundup or Garlon) herbicide. Treating cut <br />stumps by using a spray bottle allows for treating only the edge of the stump with <br />minimal risk of damaging any adjacent desirable plants. Treating the stumps with a <br />herbicide is important because it minimizes resprouting. Stump resprouts create the <br />arduous task of (re)cutting many stems where one previously existed. Resprouting can <br />also increase the amount of shade at the ground level from precutting ,further hindering <br />the improvement of the ground layer. When applying herbicides following the <br />Top of the World Park Addition Natural Area Management Plan 11 <br />