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temperature control and/or cooling system pump control. Two arenas that have recently added automatic capacity control are listed below. Arena Contact Person Phone Bloomington Ice Gardens Andy Baltgalvis (612) 948-8842 Cottage Grove Arena Dean Mulso (612) 458-2846 HEATING, DEHUMIDIFICATION AND VENTILATION IMPROVEMENTS Low Emissivity Reflective Ceiling Reducing the amount of heat that the ice sheet absorbs will result in lower energy bills and improved ice quality. One of the main sources for heat in an ice arena is infrared radiation. Infrared radiation can account for more than 35 percent of the total cooling load of an ice sheet. Although it can not be seen or felt, heat from the ceiling and lights radiates down on the ice sheet and increases the load. on the refrigeration system. The amount the refrigeration system has to work varies from day-to-day depending on the outside temperature, arena air temperature, ice temperature, and direct sunlight on the roof. The infrared radiation load also varies from site to site due to the amount of roof insulation, the ceiling height, and the ceiling's ability to transmit energy. Installation of a barrier between the ceiling and ice sheet can effectively stop the infrared radiation. There are typically two types of barriers used in ice arenas: low emissivity paint applied directly to the ceiling, and low emissivity fabric suspended just below the ceiling. Both products reduce the amount of heat that is radiated down to the ice sheet. The installation cost of the low emissivity paint ranges from $20,000 to $100,000 depending on the roof structure and amount of prep work needed. Paybacks for low emissivity paints are typically from 2.5 to 12 years with a functional life span of four to five years. The low emissivity fabric ceilings can be installed for $23,000 to $28,000 and generate a payback of approximately 2 years in arenas which operate 11 months a year. The useful life of low emissivity fabric is over 20 years. Both low emissivity paints and fabrics have been used in Miruiesota arenas with proven success. A number of sites with low emissivity fabric are listed below. Arena Contact Person Phone Bloomington Ice Gardens Andy Baltgalvis (612) 948-8842 Hutchinson Civic Arena Marv Haugen (320) 234-4227 Farmington Civic Arena Jim Bell (612) 463-1851 Cottage Grove Arena Dean Mulso (612) 458-2846 Victory (Minneapolis) Virgil Oldre (612) 627-2953 COZ and CO Ventilation Control Typically ice arenas are over-ventilated to assure that occupants are not harmed from the exhaust gases from ice resurfacers. The gases carbon dioxide (COz) and carbon monoxide (CO) are by- products of the internal combustion engines that power some types of resurfacers. COZ is also released when skaters and spectators exhale. Ventilating the arena removes the potential harmful Page 10 Energy Improvements in Minnesota Public Ice Arenas Project Center for Energy & Environment