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10 <br />particularly for those without formal advanced education. That too should be part of our <br />social responsibility within sustainable development. <br />I told you that I work in the area of economic development. Economic development takes <br />many forms -industrial recruitment, job retraining, waterfront development, and others. <br />But historic preservation and economic development are the only forms of economic <br />development that are simultaneously community development. That too is part of our <br />social responsibility. <br />Finally, I'd ask you to take a moment and think of something significant to you personally. <br />Anything. You may think of your children, or your spouse, or your church, or god, or a <br />favorite piece of art hanging in your living room, or your childhood home, or a personal <br />accomplishment of some type. Now take away your memory. Which of those things are <br />now significant to you? None of them. There can be no significance without memory. Now <br />those same things may still be significant to someone else. But without memory they are not <br />significant to you. And if memory is necessary for significance, it is also necessary for both <br />meaning and value. Without memory nothing has significance, nothing has meaning, <br />nothing has value. <br />That, I think, is the lesson of that old Zen koan, "If a tree falls in a forest and no one hears, <br />did it make a sound?" Well of course it made a sound; sound comes from the vibration of <br />molecules and a falling tree vibrates molecules. But that sound might as well not have been <br />made, because there is no memory of it. <br />We acquire memories from a sound or a picture, or from a conversation, or from words in <br />a book, or from the stories our grandmother told us. But how is the memory of a city <br />conveyed? Here's what Italo Calvino writes, "The city ... does not tell its past, but <br />contains it like the lines of a hand, written in the corners of the streets, the gratings of the <br />windows, the banisters of the steps, the antennae of the lightening rods, the poles of the <br />flags, every segment marked in turn with scratches, indentations, scrolls." <br />The city tells it own past, transfers its own memory, largely through the fabric of the built <br />environment. Historic buildings are the physical manifestation of memory -and it is <br />memory that makes places significant. <br />What is the whole purpose of the concept of sustainable development? It is to keep that <br />which is important, which is valuable, which is significant. The very defmitions of <br />sustainable development is "...the ability to meet our own needs without prejudicing the <br />ability of future generations to meet their own needs." We need to use our cities, our <br />cultural resources, and our memories in such a way that they are available for future <br />generations to use as well. <br />Heritage conservation makes cities viable, makes cities livable, makes cities equitable. <br />