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STS Sampling Procedures AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MAT~RLa_T~ St~__r~dard Method for PENETRATION TEST AND SPLIT-BARREL SAMPV.r~G OF SOILS This standard is issued under the fixed desertion D 1 §86; the number imm~llsJ~ly following the designation indicates the year of adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of the last rev/sion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsllon (~) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. This method has been approved for use by agencies of the Department.of Defense and for listing in the DOD Index of Specifications and 1. Scoge 1.1 This method describes the proce- dure, generally known as the Standard Penetration Test (SPT), for driving a split-barrel sampler to obtain a repre- sentative soQ sample and a measure of the resistance of the soil to penetration of the sampler. 1.2 This standard may involve haz- ardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish ap- propriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of reg- ulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific precautionary statement, see §.4.1. 1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the stan- dard. 2. Appi/cable Documents 2.1 ABTM Standard~: D2487 Test Method for Classification of SolM for Engineering Purposes2 D2488 Practice for Description and Identification of Soils (Visual- Manual Procedure)2 D4220 Practice for Preserving and Transporting Soft Samples2 8. DescriDttons of Terms 8Decific tO 3.1 anvil---that portion of the drive- weight assembly which the hammer strikes and through which the ham- mer energy passes into the drill rods. 3.2 cathead--the rotating drum or windlass in the rope-cathead llft sys- tem around which the operator w-raps a rope to lift and drop the hammer by successively tightening and loosening the rope turns around the drum. 3.3 drill rods--rods used to transmit downward force and torque to the drLll bit while drilling a borehole. 3.4 drive-weight assembly--a device consisting of the hammer, hammer faU guide, the anvil, and any hammer drop system. 3.8 hammer--that portion of the drive-weight assembly consisting of the 140 ~ 2 lb (63.5 ± I kg) impact weight which' is successively lifted and dropped to provide the energy that ac- complishes the sampling and penetra- tion. 3.6 h~mrner drop system--that po~ tion of the drive-weight assembly by which the operator accomplishes the lifting and dropping of the h~mroer to produce the blow. 3.7 hammer fall guide--that part of the drive-weight assembly used to guide the fall of the b~mmer. 3.8 N-value--the blowcount repre- sentation of the penetration resistance of the soil. The N-value, reported in blows per foot, equals the sum of the number of blows required to drive the sampler over the depth interval of 6 to 18 in. (150 to 450 mm) 3.9 &N--the number of blows ob- tained from each of the 6-in. (1§0-mm) intervals of sampler penetration (see 7.3). 3.10 number of rope turns--the total contact ~%~e between the rope and the cathead at the beg~n.tng of the opera- tor's rope slackening to drop the ha~n- ruer, divided by 360° (see Fig. 1). 3.1 1 sampling rods~rods that con- nect the drive-weight assembly to the sampler. Drill rods are often used for this purpose. 3.12 SPT---abbreviation for Standard Penetration Test, a term by which en- gineers commonly refer to this method. 4.1 This method provides & soft sam- ple for identification purposes and for laboratory tests appropriate for soil obtained from a sampler that may pro- duce large shear strain disturbance in the sample. 4.2 This method is used extensively in a great variety of geoteohnioal ploration projects. Many local correla. tions and widely published correla- tions which relate SPT blowcount, N-value, and the engineering behavioz of earthworks and foundation are available. IThis method is under the jur~dlctlon of Committee D-IS on 5off and Hock and is the responsibility of ~uboommltt~ D 18.02 on Sampl lng and Helat~l Field Testing for Soft Investiga tlons. 0urrent edition &pproved Sept. 11, 1984 Published November 1984. Ol, lg~-~,ll~' publish~ as DI586--~ST. Last previous edition (1974). 2A~n~al Book of ASTM/~t~ndards, V01 04.05.