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III. PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS <br />The proposed improvement to the streets is to provide an overlay with 1 `/2 to 2 inches of bituminous <br />surfacing. The streets can be overlaid while maintaining traffic, so there will be minimal disruption <br />during construction. <br />In addition, the improvements will consist of milling and/or removal of a small portion of existing <br />bituminous in front of relatively flat driveways, and concrete curb and gutter to ensure they can be <br />made to match properly with the newly overlaid street. <br />Figure 2 (located at the end of the report) shows the relationship between life of service and strength <br />of pavement. This graph shows that once a street reaches 75 percent of years of service the <br />pavement strength rapidly drops and the cost to maintain the road increases. By overlaying these <br />roads, the strength and life of the road will be increased. The overlay will seal the cracking in <br />intermediate stages. The overlay will also fill the low areas in the pavement, which collect water <br />and decrease the life of the pavement. Existing transverse cracks, which are caused by freeze-thaw <br />cycles, will likely reflect through the overlay in the future. As with all previous bituminous overlay <br />projects, the City Street Division will patch any severely damaged areas before the overlay. The <br />contract for the street work will restore the gravel shoulders after the overlay. <br />IV. EASEMENTS AND PERMITS <br />The right-of--way width for these streets is generally 60 feet and is adequate for these improvements. <br />No work is proposed outside of the right-of--way. <br />V. NECESSITY AND COST-EFFECTIVENESS <br />The streets being reviewed are in need of repair. The project is necessary to provide the residents of <br />these areas with a safe and adequate public transportation system. If the overlay is not done in a <br />timely fashion, the roads will continue to deteriorate and reach a point where an overlay will not be a <br />feasible alternative. The project will minimize future maintenance costs and increase traffic safety. <br />The size of the project will ensure competitive bidding; from this standpoint, the project is cost- <br />effective. <br />10 <br />