5.2. SR 11-19-2007 - Laserfiche WebLink

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Common Buckthorn ' . ! -.- Scientific Name Rhamnur cathartdca Franguda sinus Other Common Name European Buckthorn Fen Buckthorn, Alder Buckthorn Nursery Cultivars None Columnarir (Tall hedge buckthorn) Aspenifolia (Fernleaf buckthorn) Shape of Plant Height: 10-25 feet; oval form, Height 10-18 feet; oval form, upright upright habitat Dry azeas, like woodlands, Primarily wet azeas (bogs, marshes, riverbanks, savannahs, abandoned fields, wetlands, pond edges). It will also grow in dry roadsides. It will grow in both azeas. It will grow in both full sun and in shade. full sun and in shade. Leaves Egg-shaped with Seely tooth Oval, smooth, dark, edges: glossy, with toothless dazk green, dull to glossy edges. 3-5 pair curved leaf veins. 8-9 pair of leaf veins. Leaves slay dazk green Leaves stay green late and on the tree late into ~. into autumn. LUKE SKINNER ~ LUKE SKINNER Flowers Small, yellow-green in color. Small, seamy-green color 4 petals 5 petals produced hi month of May. produced in late May-June. Stems Buds aze opposite. Buds aze alternate. Sharp thorn at tip of the twig. NO thorn at tips of twig. Fruit Arranged in and large clusters $~d round, berry- like fruit - 1/4" diameter. Green/black color. Each fruit has J-Y JCCLLJ. Berries aze persistent. spine at dp Sub- opposite buds Round, berry-like fruit - 1/4" diameter produces less fruit than the com- mon buckthorn. Red/brown to black in color. Each fruit has 23 seeds Berries' aze not persistent. i'+ ~~~ -~-: ~ ~.,:;> _,-<;. alternate leaves 'Asplenifolia' leaf kmleaf Buck[hom bud at tip ehemate buds uckthorn! NOTE: It takes a dong term commitment to .nueesrFreldv manage buckthorn. '.lings or Small Buckthorn Plants For individual plants: If less than'/a inch in diam- eter, retatove by hand Small seedlings can be pulled and will not re-sprout. If greater than a/a inch, use a hand tool that pulls the shrub out, such as a "Weed Wrench" or "Root Talon". The "Weed Wrench" comes in four different sizes and will remove budctitom stems up to 2.5 inches in diameter. The Weed Wrench can cause some soil disturbance so extra care is needed on sensitive sites or steep slopes. Removing by hand is easier if the soil is moist. Before you pull or dig buck- thorn out of your soil, Contact Gopher State One Call (1-800-252-1166) to ensure theee aze no buried utilities in the azea. If pulling individual plants is impractical spray foliage of short buckthorn or seedlings with a herbicde. Glyphosate (one brand name is Roundup) will kill all actively growing vegetation on which it is sprayed. Triclopyr will kill broadleaf plants and will not harm grasses when applied properly. Controlling Large Buckthorn )therwise, :r cuttmg Tridopyr or 4) or !~~ ucts like Gazlon 4, treat the cut surface and the remaining bazk to the ground line. In cases where more than a few plants aze treated, add an indicator dye (avail- able where pestiddes are sold) to the herbi- cide to mark cut stumps you have sprayed:' Colored flags can also help mazk cut stumps. When buckthorn is,cut, the stumps aze easily covered and lost under cut brush. For basal stem treatment, a method that applies chemical through the bark, low volume spray applica- tions can be made with Gazlon 4 and similar oil-based products. This application method uses Triclopyr ester mixed with an oil diluent (i.e. Bark Oil Blue, kerosene or diesel oil) applied directly to the bark of buckthorn from the root collar up about 12-18 inches. This treat- ment works best on stems less than 2-3 inches in diam- eter. An ultra low volume spray wand should be used to minimize herbicide use and reduce the potential for non-tazget injury. Buckthorn treated in this fashion can be lefr standing or cut at a later date. Seed Viability Note: Buckthara seeds in the sail can remain viable far up to five years. Follow-up control of seedlings that emerge afrer initial control efforts is important on all sites. With no follow-up control, buckthorn will come back. Fire offers along-term management option in grassland or savanna cover-types. Burning will need to be done every two to three yeazs. If burnutg is no[ an option, a follow up treatment of the seedlings (pulling or spraying) is needed.