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The connection fee and energy rate were based on market and other comparable chargers in <br /> the area, with a desire to recover fixed and variable costs in a way that was easy to understand <br /> from the owners'/providers' perspective. But from the user side, it made the cost of charging <br /> the electric vehicle for a few kWh cost prohibitive. Electric vehicle users are accustomed to <br /> plugging in while out running errands and picking up a few kWh charge at each stop. The EV <br /> community calls this charging pattern "topping up". This is similar to cell phone charging; <br /> people don't wait until their phone battery is depleted to charge. Rather, they charge when <br /> they get a chance. The results in Table 2 below illustrate the number of charges per day for the <br /> two different charger types and the different pricing structures. <br /> Table 2 <br /> Level 2 (240 Volt Charger) Public Parking Lot <br /> Number of Number Charges <br /> Charges of Days per Day <br /> $1 per hour 41 293 0.14 <br /> $2 Connection Fee Plus TOU rate 36 247 0.15 <br /> DC Fast Charger(480 Volt Charger) Fuel Station <br /> Number of Number Charges <br /> Charges of Days per Day <br /> $1 per hour 92 134 0.69 <br /> $5 Connection Fee Plus TOU rate 71 247 0.29 <br /> *Note:-Time-of-Use (TOU) rates are$0.137 on-peak summer, $0.1215 on-peak winter, and $0.0602 off- <br /> peak all year. <br /> The DC Fast Charger experienced a substantial decrease in charges per day with the $5 <br /> connection fee plus an energy rate.The Level 2 was relatively unchanged. Based on customer <br /> feedback and the substantial decrease in the number of DC charging sessions, Elk River <br /> Municipal Utilities implemented new pricing in 2019, eliminating the connection fee and simply <br /> charging a blended rate for energy at each type of station. <br /> The customer feedback over the past two years led Elk River Municipal Utilities to apply energy <br /> only pricing at the public charging stations: Level 2 charging stations at $0.15 per kWh and <br /> $0.20 per kWh at the DC Fast Charger. A major lesson learned about public charging rates is to <br /> avoid connection fees if at all possible. <br /> 15 <br /> 54 <br />