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Site Plan Review Details • Access Location and Design Location and design of handicapped parking stalls Spacing between public and private access points Building entrances and pedestrian circulation Angle between entrances and parking areas Curb return radii Sidewalk widths Driveway throat cross-sections Fire lanes Channelization, medial and marginal Access to trash dumpsters and other waste Length, width, and taper of turn bays containers Sign location(s) Location of and access to delivery docks and Sight distances loading areas Visibility of access drives Visibility of obstructions, such as curbed end islands, Profile barriers, and light posts Delineation of edge of development from On-Site Circulation and Parking adjacent streets Vehicular conflict points Vehicular and pedestrian conflict points Other Elements Sight distances Existing and proposed utilities, including fire Channelization hydrant locations Delineation of internal circulation roadways Surface drainage Widths of internal circulation roadways Location and type of landscaping Potential for high speeds adjacent to buildings Location of light poles Potential for random, high-speed movements in Location of any on-site facilities, such as kiosks and parking areas postal service drop boxes Convenience of parking areas in relation to Fences and/or landscaping to screen development building entrances from adjacent properties • Parking dimensions Location and angle of exterior lighting when Location of wheel stops/curbs in front of development is adjacent to residential development or parking stalls where lighting might interfere with drivers'vision Source.Virgil G.Stover and Frank J.Koepke,Institute of Transportation Engineers, Transportation and Land Development(Englewood Cliffs,N.J . Prentice Hall,1988),19-20 ther roadway improvements or completely new facilities Driveway and Approach Regulations. Each abutting are required, and the cycle starts again. property is allowed access to the street or highway, with Access control measures offer great potential for slow- location, number, and design of access points governed by ing the cycle of functional obsolescence and for maintain- regulations. ing acceptable and safe traffic operating conditions along Many corridor plans and ordinances do not adequately corridors. Inadequate controls may render a highway functionally obsolete well in advance of its design life and address the functional relationship between roadside contribute to potential safety problems. The location and development patterns and the efficient and safe movement design of access points along a roadway also has a sig- of traffic. Even fewer attempt to set absolute limits or stan- nificant impact on the safety and efficiency of pedestrian dards for driveway access, probably because such limita- movements. Poor planning can create areas of pedestrian tions are inherently controversial. The roadway estab lishes, in effect, two sets of "rights"—the right of the and vehicular conflict where driveways meet sidewalks. general public to travel and the right of access for those According to the American Association of State High whose land abuts the roadway. Because these rights are way and Transportation Officials manual, A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets, there are three often in conflict, attempts to limit or control private access basic forms of access control.: to roadways frequently encounter strong resistance. This resistance comes from property owners who fear that Full Control of Access. Preference is given to through traf- access restrictions will make their properties less valua- Eic by providing access connections only at selected public ble and from developers who know that site visibility and roads and by prohibiting private driveway connections. access are critical concerns of prospective retail and coin- Partial Control of Access. Preference is given to through mercial tenants. Sometimes, too, local municipalities have traffic with some private driveway connections allowed. little or no control over access to state and county roads 17