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aspera), Missouri and gray goldenrods (Solidago missouriensis and S. nemoralis), and bird's <br />foot coreopsis (Coreopsis palmata) are common in drier ones. <br />Woody vines are a minor component. Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus spp.) is frequently <br />present, and wild grape (Vitis riparia) is occasionally present. <br />Shrub layer is patchy to interrupted (50-75% cover) and composed of low (< 20in [50cm]) <br />semi -shrubs, taller (up to 6ft [2m]) shrubs, and oak seedlings and saplings (< 6ft). The low <br />semi -shrubs leadplant (Amorpha canescens), prairie rose (Rosa arkansan , and poison ivy <br />(Toxicodendron rydbergir) are generally common. Common taller shrill <br />chokecherry <br />(Prunus virginiana), American hazelnut (Corylus americana), smoomac (Rhusglabra), <br />gray dogwood (Cornus racemosa), wolfberry (Symphoricarpos oc ' is), low juneberry <br />(Amelanchier humilis), and wild plum (Prunus americana). <br />Trees are scattered or in scattered clumps, with total cov 96 and <br />Bur oak is most common, but northern pin oak is also ally present. <br />The exotic grasses Kentucky bluegrass (Poa prate si <br />are often problematic in UPs24. Pennsylvania sedge (C <br />a native graminoid that is naturally a mino component o <br />with prolonged heavy grazing. With fire L%ion, trees <br />established, especially green ash, quaking ssv <br />Southern Mesic Prairie — U <br />This community type will <br />into the existing grassy <br />restored property. Re <br />seeding of the entire agric <br />second growing seasons, i <br />versus splitti <br />that the nraO <br />are esra <br />rotating <br />"Southen <br />0%. <br />(Bromus inermis) <br />vanica var. pensylvanica), <br />increases in abundance <br />Ilan the oaks become <br />at is cur tly the farmfield unit, and will transition <br />nd sav a units.3 will occur on 170-180 acres of the <br />n wil ce the second fall with prep work and <br />hment mows will occur in the first and <br />it escribed burn in the third. Restoring the field in one shot <br />tion ions will save on contractor costs and will ensure <br />e has es ed bel the current grants run out. Once these prairie areas <br />d, long ter intenance will include spot treatment of herbaceous invaders, <br />ibed burns d interseeding. <br />is les egrass-dominated but forb-rich herbaceous communities on <br />somewhat poorlyd to well -drained loam soils mainly formed in unsorted glacial till, <br />sometimes in a thi ess layer over till, and locally in lacustrine sediments and outwash <br />deposits. Communities in this class occur primarily on level to gently rolling sites. Drought <br />stress is irregular in occurrence and usually not severe. <br />Graminoid cover is usually continuous (75-100%). Tallgrasses dominate, but several <br />midheight grasses are also important. Species composition is fairly uniform, although <br />relative abundances shift across the moisture gradient within the community. Big bluestem <br />(Andropogon gerardii) and Indian grass (Sorghastrum nutans) are the dominant <br />tallgrasses, with prairie dropseed (Sporobolus heterolepis) either a codominant or <br />Friends of the Mississippi W. H. Houlton Conservation Area NRMP <br />W <br />