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Ground -layer cover is generally very sparse during spring due to inundation and scouring <br />by floodwaters, becoming variable by midsummer (5-50% cover) and characterized by <br />annual or flood -tolerant perennial species. Important herbaceous species include false <br />nettle (Boehmeria cylindrica), clearweeds (Pilea spp.), Ontario aster (Aster ontarionis), <br />Virginia wild rye (Elymus virginicus), cut grasses (Leersia virginica and L. oryzoides), hop <br />umbrella sedge (Carex lupulina), and cattail sedge (C. typhina). Wood nettle (Laportea <br />canadensis) often forms dense patches. Species typical of wetland communities are also <br />often present, including mad dog skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora), southern blue flag (Iris <br />virginicus), and beggarticks (Bidens spp.). The invasive species kidney -lea ed buttercup <br />(Ranunculus abortivus), creeping charlie, moneywort (Lysimachia num a), <br />motherwort (Leonurus cardiaca), yellow wood sorrels (Oxalis strict d 0. dillenii), garlic <br />mustard (Alliaria petiolata), and reed canary grass (Phalaris aru ) are present in <br />many stands and sometimes abundant. <br />Climbing plants and vines are important in this co <br />poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans var. negundo), <br />(Menispermum canadense). <br />Shrub layer and subcanopy are mostly sparse (0-25% <br />50% cover); silver maple, green ash, Amer'can elm, an <br />Climbing poison ivy is occasionally prese tall-: <br />are often abundant. <br />Canopy is interrupted to continuous (50-1 <br />maple with occasional green gMjN&ttonwc <br />Southern Terrace <br />This community type may <br />above the more traditional, ) <br />small numbecA99ftw the <br />of its <br />more <br />species re1q <br />will undergo <br />riparia), <br />and occasionally patchy (25- <br />W <br />re most common. <br />lver maple seedlings <br />strongly dominated by silver <br />elm." <br />w rently the FF 4 and 5, where terraces exist <br />ng floodplain forests. FFs59a would make up a relatively <br />re roperty, but would be distinct from FFs68 in terms <br />FFs5 re will have a greater green ash component and <br />,le. R storation will commence in the first year with invasive <br />follow-up treatment occurring for the next few years. FF 5 <br />- restoration of the farmfield is well underway. <br />As described by th (2005), southern terrace forests are "wet-mesic deciduous forests <br />on silty or sandy all ium on level, occasionally flooded sites along small streams to large <br />rivers in the southern half of Minnesota. <br />Ground -layer cover is mostly interrupted to continuous (50-100%); often with abundant <br />wood nettle (Laportea canadensis). Other typical species include Virginia waterleaf <br />(Hydrophyllum virginianum), spotted touch me -not (Impatiens capensis), tall coneflower <br />(Rudbeckia laciniata), stinging nettle (Urtica dioica), cleavers (Galium aparine), common <br />blue violet (Viola sororia), honewort (Cryptotaenia canadensis), aniseroot (Osmorhiza <br />longistylis), Virginia bluebells (Mertensia virginica), and eastern narrowleaf sedge (Carex <br />Friends of the Mississippi W. H. Houlton Conservation Area NRMP <br />56 <br />