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purple and white prairie clovers (Dalea purpurea and D.candida), silverleaf <br /> scurfpea (Pediomelum argophyllum), stiff sunflower (Helianthus <br /> pauciflorus),white sage (Artemisia ludoviciana), northern bedstraw (Galium <br /> boreale),and smooth blue aster (Aster laevis). Maximilian's sunflower <br /> (Helianthus maximiliani),tall meadow-rue (Thalictrum dasycarpum),prairie <br /> phlox(Phlox pilosa), and gray-headed coneflower (Ratibida pinnata) are <br /> most common on the moister end of the gradient. Rough blazing star (Liatris <br /> aspera), Missouri and gray goldenrods (Solidago missouriensis and S. <br /> nemoralis),and bird's foot coreopsis (Coreopsis palmata) are common in the <br /> drier end. Rattlesnake master (Eryngium yuccifolium) and compass plant <br /> (Silphium laciniatum) are typical species in southeastern Minnesota but rare <br /> to absent in the community elsewhere. Narrow-leaved purple coneflower <br /> (Echinacea pallida) is common in the drier end of the gradient in the CGP but <br /> absent from the Eastern Broadleaf Forest Province. <br /> Shrub layer is sparse (5-25% cover).The low semi-shrubs leadplant <br /> (Amorpha canescens) and prairie rose (Rosa arkansana) are generally <br /> common. Sparse patches of wolfberry (Symphoricarpos occidentalis) are <br /> occasional. Gray dogwood (Cornus racemosa),American hazelnut (Corylus <br /> americana),and wild plum (Prunus americana) are rare. <br /> Trees are absent except where fire suppression has allowed invasion by <br /> woody species. Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis),an introduced species, is <br /> invariably present; it increases in the prolonged absence of fire but becomes <br /> dominant only with heavy grazing pressure. Smooth brome (Bromus <br /> inermis), another exotic,is a very troublesome invasive species favored by <br /> disturbance,including natural disturbance by pocket gophers." <br /> Friends of the Mississippi River Bailey Point Nature Preserve NRMP <br /> 50 <br />