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state have chosen not to turn over operational control of their New York ISO(NYISO)
<br /> transmission facilities to CAISO,but all public power utilities NYISO operates only in New York,but is FERC-jurisdic-
<br /> are impacted by CAISO's energy market prices and provision tional because the state's transmission grid is interconnected
<br /> of transmission service due to the web of business relationships with the rest of the region.New York City is a very transmis-
<br /> among market participants in the state.In October 2014,the sion-constrained area within NYISO,which requires substantial
<br /> ISO began operating an energy imbalance market(EIM)with mitigation of the power sales into that area.The ISO operates a
<br /> PacifiCorp,which was joined by NV Energy in November shorter-term capacity market than in PJM and ISO-NE,but it
<br /> 2015.The EIM is operated separately from CAISO markets. is only mandatory within the New York City and Lower Hud-
<br /> Several public power utilities are either exploring joining the son Valley zones.
<br /> EIM or planning to do so.The Balancing Authority of North-
<br /> ern California,the Sacramento Municipal Utility District,and PJM Interconnection
<br /> Seattle City Light have announced their intent to join the EIM. PJM operates in all or parts of Delaware,Illinois,Indiana,Ken-
<br /> PacifiCorp and the ISO have begun the process of possibly in- tucky,Maryland,Michigan,New Jersey,North Carolina,Ohio,
<br /> corporating PacifiCorp into CAISO,most likely in early 2019, Pennsylvania,Tennessee,Virginia,West Virginia,and the Dis-
<br /> were it to come to fruition. CAISO does not operate a capacity trict of Columbia. PJM operates a three-year forward mandato-
<br /> market. ry capacity market,called the reliability pricing model(RPM).
<br /> In the energy market,PJM has also recently received approval
<br /> ISO-New England(ISO-NE) for an increase in the offer cap from$1,000 per megawatt-hour
<br /> ISO-NE operates in Maine,New Hampshire,Vermont, (as it is in all RTOs) to$2,000 per megawatt-hour,with offers
<br /> Massachusetts,Rhode Island,and Connecticut.The region is between$1,000 and$2,000 justified based on costs.
<br /> facing numerous challenges from growing reliance on natural
<br /> gas without a corresponding increase in natural gas pipeline Southwest Power Pool
<br /> capacity,retirements of nuclear and coal plants,and rising SPP operates in all or parts of Arkansas,Kansas,Louisiana,
<br /> energy and capacity prices.Since the end of 2013,the ISO has Mississippi,Missouri,Nebraska,New Mexico,Oklahoma,
<br /> implemented a Winter Reliability Program involving direct pay- and Texas.SPP has approached RTO formation and market
<br /> ments to oil and dual-fuel generators to increase oil inventories, development on a slower and more conservative track than
<br /> for natural-gas-fired generators to contract for liquefied natural many other RTOs.SPP transitioned to a full RTO with both
<br /> gas,and for new demand-response resources.ISO-NE operates a a day-ahead and real-time market in March 2014,but has not
<br /> mandatory capacity market,called the forward capacity market implemented a capacity market.
<br /> (FCM),which procures capacity three years in advance. -
<br /> Midcontinent ISO(MISO)
<br /> MISO operates in all or parts of Arkansas,Illinois,Indiana, The American Public Power Association is the voice of
<br /> Iowa,Kentucky,Louisiana,Michigan,Minnesota,Mississippi, not-for-profit,community-owned utilities that power
<br /> Missouri,Montana,North Dakota,Ohio,Pennsylvania,South 2,000 towns and cities nationwide.We represent pub-
<br /> Dakota,Texas,Wisconsin,and Manitoba,Canada.MISO has lic power before the federal government to protect the
<br /> seen both defections by transmission-owning utilities—First En- interests of the more than 49 million people that public
<br /> ergy and Duke left MISO to join PJM and a significant expan- power utilities serve,and the 93,000 people they em-
<br /> sion of its territory to include what is known as"MISO South." ploy.Our association advocates and advises on electricity
<br /> Many industry observers believe the former MISO utilities that policy,technology,trends,training,and operations.Our
<br /> joined PJM did so to receive lucrative capacity market payments members strengthen their communities by providing
<br /> not available from MISO,while MISO's revisions to its capacity superior service,engaging citizens,and instilling pride in
<br /> market was one of the incentives for the southern expansion. In community-owned power.
<br /> 2012,FERC approved a voluntary locational capacity market
<br /> for MISO,but ruled against mandatory participation or a
<br /> minimum offer price rule in that market.MISO filed a proposal
<br /> in 2016 to create a mandatory capacity auction in those regions
<br /> where there is retail choice and the utilities are not responsible
<br /> for supplying power to their customers.
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