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any other form--under the following circumstances: (1) it notification of the appointing authority is appropriate in all <br /> could be reasonably inferred or expected that the gift was cases of outside employment. <br /> intended to influence them in the performance of their <br /> official duties; or (2) the gift was intended to serve as a Representation.Members should not represent any outside <br /> reward for any official action on their part. interest before any agency,whether public or private,except <br /> with the authorization of or at the direction of the appointing <br /> It is important that the prohibition of unsolicited gifts be authority they serve. <br /> limited to circumstances related to improper influence. In <br /> de minimus situations, such as meal checks, some modest Endorsements. Members should not endorse commercial <br /> maximum dollar value should be determined by the member products or services by agreeing to use their photograph, <br /> as a guideline. The guideline is not intended to isolate endorsement, or quotation in paid or other commercial <br /> members from normal social practices where gifts among advertisements,whether or not for compensation. Members <br /> friends, associates, and relatives are appropriate for certain may, however, agree to endorse the following, provided <br /> occasions. they do not receive any compensation: (1)books or other <br /> publications; (2) professional development or educational <br /> Investments in Conflict with Official Duties. Member services provided by nonprofit membership organizations or <br /> should not invest or hold any investment, directly or recognized educational institutions; (3) products and/or <br /> indirectly, in any financial business, commercial, or other services in which the local government has a direct <br /> private transaction that creates a conflict with their official economic interest. <br /> duties. <br /> Members' observations, opinions, and analyses of <br /> In the case of real estate, the potential use of confidential commercial products used or tested by their local <br /> information and knowledge to further a member's personal governments are appropriate and useful to the profession <br /> interest requires special consideration. This guideline when included as part of professional articles and reports. <br /> recognizes that members' official actions and decisions can <br /> be influenced if there is a conflict with personal <br /> investments. Purchases and sales which might be <br /> interpreted as speculation for quick profit ought to be <br /> avoided(see the guideline on"Confidential Information"). <br /> Because personal investments may prejudice or may appear <br /> to influence official actions and decisions,members may,in <br /> concert with their governing body,provide for disclosure of <br /> such investments prior to accepting their position as local <br /> government administrator or prior to any official action by <br /> the governing body that may affect such investments. <br /> Personal Relationships. Member should disclose any <br /> personal relationship to the governing body in any instance <br /> where there could be the appearance of a conflict of interest. <br /> For example,if the manager's spouse works for a developer <br /> doing business with the local government, that fact should <br /> be disclosed. <br /> Confidential Information. Members should not disclose <br /> to others, or use to further their personal interest, <br /> confidential information acquired by them in the course of <br /> their official duties. <br /> Private Employment. Members should not engage in, <br /> solicit, negotiate for, or promise to accept private <br /> employment, nor should they render services for private <br /> interests or conduct a private business when such <br /> employment, service, or business creates a conflict with or <br /> impairs the proper discharge of their official duties. <br /> Teaching, lecturing, writing, or consulting are typical <br /> activities that may not involve conflict of interest,or impair <br /> the proper discharge of their official duties. Prior <br /> Copyright©2008 by the International City/County Management Association <br />