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ENERGY, WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSESSMENT <br /> <br />Minnesota Waste Wise: vrw.rnnwastewise.org <br />Rethink Recycling: www.rethinkrecycEing.con~ <br />Vending Miser, ~t~~~~tt~f.~.~~;~~inv~t~i~~r. <br />MN Pollution Agency, °~,~.~FF~t. ~~.~.~. ~.~~:..~.~ <br />7: G(QSSary <br />The following definitions are given for terms used in this report*; <br />RET/~P <br />- Actual Demand, in Kw, is the highest average fifteen (15) minutes of demand over a billing period. <br />- Billed Demand or Adjusted Demand is actual demand plus an adjustment for low power factor. <br />- Load Factor is a measure of efficiency of using electrical power, and is the ratio of average load <br />supplied during a designated period to the peak load occurring that period. <br />Load Factor = Kwh used in a given time period <br />Peak Kw times hours in period <br />- Power Factor PF measures how effectively your equipment uses electrical current from the utility. <br />PF is a measure of how the current delivered to the equipment is converted into useful energy and is <br />listed as a percentage. If the PF is below 90 percent, Xcel Energy, like many utilities, charges extra <br />because it costs the utility more to build and operate the additional equipment to carry the extra <br />current needed to run your equipment. <br />- Adjusted Demand =Actual Demand times 90/PF, when PF is < 90. <br />- Kbtu is a unit of energy equal to 1,000 Btu (British Thermal Units). A Therm is a unit of energy equal <br />to 100 Kbtu. A CCF is 100 cubic feet of natural gas. For the purposes of measuring energy use, a <br />` therm and a CCF of natural oas are eauivalent_ <br />- '• KwH is the electrical energy usage per hour. One KwH = 3,413 Btu. <br />* From Xcel Energy, "Small Business Guide to Energy Savings", 1999 and NSP, "How to Reduce Your <br />Energy Costs°, 1996 with 1998 modifications for NSP. <br />••------------ Page 8 of 9 <br />